Performance Evaluation of RPL in Wireless Sensor Networks Data Collection Applications

Abstract

Over time, wireless sensor networks (WSNs) have attracted significant research interest. These networks consist of hundreds of sensor nodes that operate without prior infrastructure, working together to monitor their physical environment. However, these nodes face limitations in memory, bandwidth, processing power, and battery life. To address connectivity and enable IPv6 functionality, the IPv6 Routing Protocol for Low-Power and Lossy Networks (RPL) was introduced in 2012. Despite its widespread adoption, recent research highlights several limitations of RPL. This article offers a comprehensive evaluation of RPL, particularly in data collection applications within WSNs. It begins with an overview of RPL’s key features and then compares its performance with other common routing protocols such as LOADng and LEACH across various scenarios. The article also examines RPL's behavior under different network conditions and topologies, providing valuable insights into its strengths and weaknesses. The findings aim to guide researchers and practitioners in making informed decisions and suggest future directions for improving RPL performance.