Effect of Domestic Violence on the Psychological Welfare of Adolescents in Ogun State: Toward a more Gender Encompassing Understanding

Abstract

This research investigates the pervasive issue of domestic violence and its extensive impact on the psychological well-being and academic performance of adolescents in Ogun State, Nigeria. Domestic violence encompassing physical, psychological, emotional, and sexual abuse, exerts a profound influence on the cognitive and emotional development of young individuals. The study reveals that exposure to domestic violence is strongly correlated with adverse outcomes such as heightened anxiety, depression, trauma-related symptoms, and reduced academic engagement, including absenteeism, poor concentration, and diminished class participation. Notably, the research highlights that while both male and female adolescents are affected, the manifestations of psychological distress and coping mechanisms can differ by gender. This accentuates the critical need for a gender-inclusive perspective in understanding and addressing the multifaceted impacts of domestic violence on youth. Beyond its immediate psychological and educational repercussions, domestic violence also exerts significant socio-economic and cultural effects, reinforcing patriarchal norms and systemic inequalities. The study argues that current legal frameworks in Nigeria are insufficient, necessitating comprehensive reforms to better protect victims and ensure accountability for perpetrators. It further advocates for a multidisciplinary strategy that includes early intervention programs, school-based and community support initiatives, public awareness campaigns, and economic empowerment interventions—particularly for vulnerable populations such as women. Collectively, these measures are essential for disrupting the cycle of abuse, mitigating long-term adverse outcomes, and promoting holistic societal well-being.