Transmission potentials of urinary schistosomiasis in Selected Local Government areas (LGAS) in Ogun State

Abstract

Urinary schistosomiasis, a neglected tropical disease caused by Schistosoma haematobium, is prevalent in sub-Saharan Africa, including Ogun State which was rated the most endemic state in the country for the disease. The disease was found to be most endemic among school-age children. Water contact and presence of appropriate snail intermediate host is a major factor in the transmission of schistosomiasis. This study aimed to assess the transmission potential of urinary schistosomiasis in ten selected Local Government Areas (LGAs) across Ogun State by examining the presence of Bulinus snails, the intermediate host of S. haematobium, and evaluating the interaction of residents with local water bodies. A total of 790 Bulinus snails were collected, with 17% found to be infected with cercariae of S. haematobium. The study also revealed significant interaction of the local population with the water bodies indicating active transmission of schistosomiasis and contributing to the spread of the disease in the area. The infection rate and the interaction of residents with the local water bodies were found to be significant in the study area. The findings underscore the need for enhanced public health interventions, including education on the risks of water contact, improved sanitation, and consistent distribution of praziquantel to control the disease.