Influence of Family Dynamics on Adolescent Substance Abuse among Secondary Schools in Abeokuta South Local Government, Ogun State

Abstract

Despite the growing prevalence of adolescents’ substance abuse and multiple awareness campaign aimed at curbing substance use, the prevalence continues to rise in Nigeria, indicating that these interventions may be overlooking a vital social determinant- the role of the family. This study explored the impact of family dynamics on adolescent substance abuse among secondary school students in Abeokuta South Local Government Area of Ogun State, Nigeria.The survey took a descriptive survey research design and utilised a multi stage sampling method to sample out respondents. A sample of 424 participants was used. The collection of data was conducted through a structured questionnaire, followed by analysis utilising both descriptive and inferential statistical methods. The findings revealed that teenagers who indicated lack of communication with their parents were more than three times as likely to engage in substance abuse compared to those who had open and supportive dialogues with their parents. Moreover, it was observed that neglectful and permissive parenting styles notably heightened adolescents’ vulnerability to substance use, whereas authoritative parenting was identified as the most protective approach. Additionally, adolescents residing with guardians or relatives exhibited the greatest likelihood (OR = 2.88), indicating diminished supervision and emotional connection. On the other hand, robust family support systems were identified as significantly lowering adolescents' engagement in substance abuse. The findings revealed that family dynamics play a crucial role in adolescent substance abuse and suggest the implementation of family-focused preventive measures, parenting education, and policy initiatives designed to enhance family relationships.